B2B, a supply chain finance called "the most perfect scene", is more like a castle in the air.
- 2018-03-15 12:08
- B2B e-commerce supply chain financial inventory financing
In 2015, the golden age of B2B e-commerce.
Financing continues, valuations have soared, and even the media have called it "the biggest mouth of the 2015."
And the supply chain finance behind the B2B e-commerce is also sealed as "the most perfect supply chain financial scene".
More than two years have passed, the voice of B2B gradually faintly, mass companies quietly closed, even a living company, almost completely unprofitable.
But there are few players who have practise the supply chain finance.
A popular outlet, so dejected.
The players who had been standing on the tuyere were dismal, the spotlights went out, the crowd was scattered, only the lonely persistence...
01 thousand bone blight
"There is no money in the account. In order to survive, the company calls on employees to pay for their support. It also defrauded the buyer's money by recharging the money by recharging the money. "
A near bankrupt business platform B2B general manager said to the media in the last year, the company has is to give dying kicks.
And this is not a case. In the last 2 years, B2B has been from the investment vents to the recent faint, while a large number of B2B e-commerce companies have not experienced a severe test.
Data show that as of June 2017, Tobey network monitoring 986 B2B enterprises, of which 77 enterprises shut down quietly.
The objects of monitoring are all enterprises with a large scale, such as the website, the WeChat public number, and a more complete operation team.
But in addition to the scope of the monitoring, there are a large number of unknown ecommerce that has not been recorded.
Industry insiders say that the B2B e-commerce track is wide, the market is huge, and the players in all industries are not going to add thousands.
But its current situation is: the vast majority of live half-dead, in addition to the steel mesh and a handful of other game player, near total profit.
This situation is spreading in almost all sectors: petrochemicals, plastics, agriculture, fast food, auto parts, steel and coal, color, logistics, freight forwarding, Turisthotellet...
For example, last year, Zhuge's car repair network in the field of auto distribution.
Zhuge's car repair is the B2B business of the auto parts industry, with the upstream auto parts business city, and the downstream repair and auto distributor.
The valuation was 6 billion yuan, according to media reports, in January 16, 2017, when the founder of the transfer of shares, the valuation was only 12 million 250 thousand yuan, the moment fell to the altar.
And tourism B2B mortality rate is in the top three.
For example, in 2016, a number of media broke out, and once a billion yuan invested in the daily rendezvous and rendezvous, due to the problem of the capital chain, the arrears were more than 130 million yuan, involving more than 3000 suppliers.
Such a tragic situation, really let people sigh.
02 once the tuyere
Two years ago, the industry is very influential.
IDG's Xiong Xiaoge believes that the next generation of BAT will be generated in the B2B field. Jingwei China left Lingye said, B2B has been ranked in the top three domestic VC investment.
That's the golden age of B2B.
One of the most common claims in the industry is that 2015 is the spring of B2B, the category of steel, plastic, agricultural products, and other industry leaders in this year.
Looking for steel net, looking for the plastic net and so on B2B financing amount has been high and higher.
once the tuyere industry, why did the collapse of the tide?
The logic of B2B is not complex: making large flow of water, forming a scale, making the marginal cost diminishing, and "cutting" out the profit.
This pattern looks very simple, but one thing that you can easily ignore is the oligarchy effect.
"You have to be in a subdivision of the field, do first, otherwise, you can only rely on financing to live." Industry veteran Li Yiping said.
Either the first, or be eliminated, in the field of B2B, this is the cruel arena either this or that.
But it is not easy to trudge on the first road.
"Most of the B2B is pseudo - mode." Li Yiping has a sharp eye on it. "Do you want to see your model and solve the pain point of the industry? Do you improve the efficiency of the industry? "
In the early days, many B2B suppliers failed in the auto parts business because the dealers had no dependence on the platform. They could also get lots of goods through the auto parts city.
So, this pattern is not essential attempt an ineffective solution.
In the field of B2B e-commerce, the biggest rival is not a colleague, but a multi-level dealer system that has already existed for more than ten or twenty years in the industry.
From their mouth for grab the meat, the equivalent of shirtless fight, will be fierce.
Therefore, your model must be able to increase the efficiency above 20%~30%, otherwise it can not shake the original industrial chain at all.
The status quo of the industry is that the vast majority of platforms are expanding to a certain scale. They are caught in a death curse: the profit is far from being expected, and the platform can only continue to expand, so as to make bigger valuation and further expand by blood transfusion.
The oligarchy effect and the profit are difficult, and most industry players are in trouble.
03 profit-making artifact
After the upsurge of B2B, the supply chain finance under this model is also being held to the altar.
"In 2016, it has reached the autumn of B2B, and it has been harvested". Zhang Haitao, vice president of IDG, once said that the signal was first released from the steel net.
In April 5, 2016, the steel net CEO Wang Dong announced that the first quarter was fully profitable.
In 2017, Wang Dong declared again that the company achieved about 30000000000 yuan in 2016 and a net profit of tens of millions of yuan.
And the important point of its profit is the supply chain finance in the B2B e-commerce.
B2B sown seeds, finally began to blossom.
At that time, a number of industry senior people predicted that in the next one or two years, the B2B in the various vertical industries will continue to generate profit. In the fall of B2B, the biggest fruit of its harvest is supply chain finance.
At that time, the supply chain finance in the B2B field was also sealed as a "perfect supply chain financial scene".
In the field of B2B, the supply chain finance is definitely a profitable tool for the head company, and it is an important way to widen the gap between the second and third companies. Industry veteran Li Yiping said.
Undoubtedly, supply chain finance is still an important means of B2B's profit.
At present, two branches are mainly formed.
One is inventory financing.
Take steel nets as an example, for example, a steel dealer, with 1 million steel on hand, will lend steel to the steel net to borrow money.
The value of 1 million of the goods, will be a discount, loan out of about 800 thousand.
If the dealer can pay the money and find the steel net to earn interest; if you don't have the money, you can sell the 10 percent off of the goods for the steel net, the price of 900 thousand, and the $100 thousand.
As long as the value of the goods will not devalue and have the ability to dispose of the goods B2B e-commerce, can operate this model.
At present, this model is mostly in the automobile, cold fresh, steel, plastic industry.
This is our more common model, in addition to the accounts receivable financing.
Generally in the B2B sales of goods, also have the account period, such as plastic industry, generally a month later.
They want to get money ahead of time, B2B e-commerce can also be paid in advance, but the corresponding, to charge a certain interest.
The most successful model of this model is the Jingdong.
In 2011, the Jingdong average account was 38 days. But by 2015, the Jingdong had asked for a substantial extension of the account period, and in some categories, the Jingdong's account period was even up to 120 days.
Although the model is perfect, it is extremely difficult to practice it.
"Angel wheel, A wheel stage, not too suitable for supply chain finance, B wheel, C wheel is suitable." 眾鏈云的CEO冷雪冬總結(jié)道。
This is because only the scale effect has been formed to make supply chain finance: the trading volume of the platform is at least ten million at least in a month, and the account period is also formed.
Even if a B2B has thousands of customers, it has a small size, but the core customer is one hundred or two hundred, and the ultimate loan is likely to be dozens.
Secondly, the demand of supply chain finance is very high for the data of B2B. But many transactions actually happen online, and the online data can't move.
For example, in the field of agriculture, the customer itself is particularly poor in the Internet, making it difficult to trade on the Internet.
A number of conditions, superimposed here, the formation of the supply chain financial imagination, less landing situation.
Well, what about the fruit of the autumn harvest?
Although there are many difficulties in front of it, it is not that the B2B industry has no space to imagine.
once the oligarchy is made, there is still a good chance.
In the future, the concentration of various industries will be greatly enhanced, such as plastic, steel, fast elimination, logistics, and so on, will form the 5~10 home B2B.
There is no monopoly industry is fierce, strangulation, do the market, for volume.
note
The B end market is different from the C end, which must be a slow, non - standard, heavy operation, and even a thin profit industry.
However, the more dirty, the harder and harder the industry is, the easier it is to form barriers.
The giant will not be harvested easily, but the latter may not be willing to catch up.
The industry is still moving slowly, despite the tide of the tide and the difficulty of making profits.
"No longer is the mouth of the wind, good, no more popular people, but the rest of the mind to do things." Li Yiping said.
(at the request of the interviewee, part of the article is named as the pseudonym)
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Source: a finance and Economics